Keywords
epidemiología
patogénesis
clasificación de retinopatía diabética
factores de riesgo
complicaciones de la diabetes
diabetic retinopathy
epidemiology
pathogenesis
Diabetic retinopathy classification
risk factors
diabetes complications
How to Cite
Abstract
Estudios epidemiológicos y estadísticas de cada país muestran un aumento en la prevalencia de la diabetes en el mundo. Recientes informes y datos epidemiológicos estiman que para el año 2030, 552 millones de personas tendrán diabetes y estos, por lo tanto, estarán en riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones macrovasculares y microvasculares. La retinopatía diabética (RD) es una de las complicaciones microvasculares que potencialmente desarrollan estos pacientes, la cual puede llevar a ceguera y, por tanto, deteriorar la calidad de vida, sobre todo en personas en edad productiva, generando un impacto en su entorno familiar y social. El propósito de este trabajo es realizar una revisión de los datos disponibles sobre la prevalencia de diabetes y de algunos de los estudios epidemiológicos más importantes de la retinopatía diabética. La importancia del tema radica en lograr un diagnóstico temprano de la patología retiniana para realizar una intervención oportuna en los factores de riesgo y disminuir así la progresión de la enfermedad.
Abstract
Epidemiological studies and statistics reports from countries have shown that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. Recent reports and epidemiological data estimate that more than 552 million people will be affected by diabetes by 2030, and those affected will therefore be at risk of developing macrovascular and microvascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication which can lead to blindness and thus impair the quality of life, especially in the working-age population and a subsequent impact on family and social environment. The objective of this paper is to review available data on the prevalence of diabetes and some epidemiological studies of diabetic retinopathy. The importance of the issue is to obtain an earlier diagnosis for an intervention in risk factors resulting in a slower progression of the disease.
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