Keywords
Antioquia
anticuerpos
Genética
Demografía
demography
antibodies
genetics
type 1 diabetes
How to Cite
Abstract
La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica de aparición en la infancia y el adulto joven. El subtipo autoinmune (DM1A) es más frecuente en personas con ancestría europea, mientras que el subtipo idiopático (DM1B) es más común en poblaciones de ancestría africana y asiática. Acá presentamos las características demográficas de un grupo de familias “paisas” con al menos un hijo con DM1. Se incluyó una muestra de 200 familias nucleares a las cuales se les aplicó una encuesta que preguntó aspectos generales como género, edad de diagnóstico, origen de los padres, abuelos y bisabuelos. Además se obtuvo la información sobre los autoanticuerpos anti-INS, anti-GAD, anti-ICAs y anti-TPO en 100 de los niños con diagnóstico de DM1. Se encontró que la edad media de diagnóstico fue 7,4 años. El 55% de las familias provenían del oriente antioqueño y el Valle de Aburrá. El 8,4% de los niños tenían un hermano con DM1. Además se pudo determinar que el 80,1% de los niños padecen DM1A, pues estos presentaban al menos un autoanticuerpo. Los resultados sobre autoinmunidad y la edad de diagnóstico permiten asimilar esta muestra con poblaciones europeas, en vez de africanos o asiáticos.
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease with onset at infancy and early adulthood. The autoimmune subtype (T1DA) is the most frequent in people with European ancestry, whilst the idiopathic subtype (T1DB) is the commonest in populations of African or Asian ancestry. Here we present the demographic features of a set of “paisa” families which had al least one child with T1D. Two hundred nuclear families were included. An instrument asking for general information such as gender, age at diagnosis, origin of their parents, grandparents and great- grandparents was applied. In addition, auto-antibodies data for INS, GAD, IA2 and TPO were obtained in a sub-set of 100 patients. The age at diagnosis was 7,4 years. 55% of the families came from “Oriente”, “Norte” and “Suroeste” sub-regions. 8,4% of the children had one sib with the disease. Besides, it could be determined that 80,1% of the tested sample had T1DA, since they presented at least one type 1 diabetes related auto-antibody. Our results on autoimmunity and age at diagnosis let us assimilate this sample with European populations, rather than Africans or Asians.
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