Keywords
Diabetes Complications
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Diabetic Foot
Colombia
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot disease is an undesirable outcome in the course of diabetes, and it is necessary to clinically characterize local patients and identify factors associated with the need for amputation.
Purpose: Determine the clinical characteristics and factors associated with amputation of patients with Diabetic Foot disease.
Methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study, based on the review of 154 medical records of patients who who were treated at the Emergency Service of the Departmental Hospital of Villavicencio, Colombia in the period from July 2022 to June 2023. The following data were collected: age, sex, clinical history, residence, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, creatinine, type and level of amputation.
Results: Of the 154 patients included, 84 (54.5%) were men, with an average age of 64.2 years, and 41 patients (26.6%) resided in rural areas. Seventy-six (49.3%) underwent amputations, with 32 (20.7%) having a toe amputation, 15 (9.7%) transtibial, and 29 (18.8%) supracondylar. Sixty-six (42.8%) were smokers, and 102 patients (66.2%) were hypertensive. The average HbA1c was 10.1%, higher in the amputated group at 11.3%. The average creatinine level was 2.3 mg/dl, with 3.5 mg/dl in the amputated group. Hypertension was present in 72.3% of the amputated patients, showing a significant association with the risk of amputation (OR 2.2, CI = 1.10 - 4.37, P = 0.0244). Additionally, there was a positive association between a history of amputation and the risk of another amputation during hospitalization (OR 3.41, CI = 1.56 - 7.45, P = 0.002).
Conclusion: Diabetic foot disease and eventual amputation is related to clinical variables such as hypertension and previous amputation associated to paraclinical variables of patients such as their glycemic control and creatinine levels.
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