Keywords
sociodemographic
lifestyles
diabetes mellitus
How to Cite
Abstract
Objective: To determine sociodemographic factors and lifestyle related to the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the adult population of the District of Barranquilla.
Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in 322 adults without DM2, 79.5% women (256) and 20.5% men (66), selected by stratified random sampling of the houses of 59 blocks, in 2016. Questionnaire was applied to Surveillance of risk factors of CNCD to identify sociodemographic variables and lifestyles, the risk of DM2 development was determined by the Findrisc test.
Results: The average global risk of DM2 - was 7.413 ± 4.4034, 16.77% (54) presented high risk, 37.8% medium risk, (1229 and low 45.3%, (146) risk. high and medium was higher in women, 96.8% were from socioeconomic stratum 1, 31.06% had primary education, occupation dominated in domestic work 48.14%, income below a minimum wage in the 77.02%, 42.06% consume alcoholic beverages, 5.59% smoke cigarettes, 30.4% consume fruits daily and 69% vegetables, 25.16% practice physical activity, 25.16% % suffer from arterial hypertension and 23.6% hypercholesterolemia.
A statistically significant association was found between the risk of DM2 (p = 0.000) and the variables female sex, age over 45 years; overweight and obesity according to BMI, abdominal obesity, practice of physical activity, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, hyperlipidemias and arterial hypertension, low educational level and income level lower than two minimum wages.
Conclusion: The importance of generating a future sustainable welfare scenario that considers primary and secondary prevention with measures to improve lifestyle is confirmed: physical activity and nutrition to maintain a healthy weight and control the risk of DM2, accompanied by of interventions to reduce the social and economic vulnerability in which the population lives.
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