Palabras clave
Mellitus
Clasificacion
Nuevas
Fenotipos
Cómo citar
Resumen
Contexto: según datos de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes (IDF, según sus siglas en inglés) correspondientes al año 2021, tres de cada cuatro pacientes con diabetes viven en países de bajos o medianos ingresos y se espera que el número de individuos alcance los 783 millones para el año 2045. La diabetes fue la causa de muerte del 12,2 % de las personas en el mundo para el año 2021 y, actualmente, los países con mayor número de personas que padecen diabetes son China, India y Estados Unidos. En América del Sur, Brasil ocupa el primer lugar, seguido de México y Colombia. El manejo integral de la diabetes es recomendado en las guías y los programas de abordaje interdisciplinario que buscan un adecuado control, con disminución de hipoglucemias, de complicaciones y generación de autocuidado. La clasificación de la diabetes es un pilar fundamental en el abordaje terapéutico, pronóstico y posibles complicaciones.
Objetivo: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica narrativa de la clasificación de la diabetes y sus características.
Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda de artículos indexados entre los años 2016 y 2022, en los buscadores Pubmed, Embase, Science Direct y Scopus.
Resultados: se encontraron un total de 45 artículos y se seleccionaron 19 por conveniencia.
Conclusión: una adecuada clasificación de la diabetes mejora el pronóstico, previene complicaciones y disminuye los gastos. La clasificación de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes y las variables propuestas no son suficientes para subclasificar los fenotipos de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. El uso de más variables en la subclasificación generará un proceso más complejo, pero permitirá una mejor precisión en tratamientos, prevención de complicaciones y disminución de costos.
Citas
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