Palabras clave
testosterona
eficacia
implantes de medicamentos
riesgo a la salud
seguridad
mujeres
Cómo citar
Resumen
Contexto: los implantes de testosterona pueden lograr el incremento de los niveles séricos de testosterona.
Objetivo: evaluar los beneficios y riesgos de los implantes de testosterona en mujeres, mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura.
Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura acerca de los beneficios y riesgos del uso de los implantes de testosterona en mujeres. La búsqueda se hizo en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas (Medline, Central, Embase, entre otras), con términos de búsqueda libres y estandarizados. En los beneficios se consideró como desenlace primario la reactivación del deseo sexual, y en los riesgos la proporción de acné, spotting, clitoromegalia e hirsutismo.
Resultados: se incluyeron 79 publicaciones. No se encontraron ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados que evaluaran los beneficios y riesgos de los implantes de testosterona en mujeres. En escasas publicaciones observacionales retrospectivas, el uso de implantes de testosterona en mujeres, se asoció con una mejoría en varios dominios de la función sexual y la angustia personal. Los datos acerca de la eficacia de seguridad a largo plazo son escasos y la calidad de la evidencia es baja. En los riesgos y efectos adversos comunes se encontró: acné, alopecia e hirsutismo, así como eritrocitosis (policitemia), extrusión, celulitis/infección y hematomas.
Conclusiones: los beneficios de los implantes de testosterona en mujeres son superados por los riesgos, y la incidencia de efectos adversos irreversibles puede ser mucho más alta de lo que se ha informado. Es necesaria una estrecha vigilancia del uso racional de los implantes de testosterona en mujeres.
Citas
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