Keywords
deficiency
screening
treatment
risk
outcomes
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: The Colombian Association of Endocrinology (ACE) held this expert consensus to establish guidelines for screening and treatment of vitamin D deficiency, adapted to the needs of patients in Colombia.
Purpose: To unify the criteria on screening, diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcomes of vitamin D deficiency in Colombia, through a multidisciplinary approach.
Methodology: Between July 2023 and October 2024, the ACE used the Delphi methodology in a three-phase process. These included a systematic literature review, evaluation of primary (sarcopenia, osteoporosis, etc.) and secondary (asthma, cancer, etc.) outcomes, and the formulation and validation of recommendations using the GRADE system and peer reviews.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D levels < 20 ng/ml. Routine screening was not recommended in the general population, including pregnant women. Screening could be considered in cancer patients with a history of gastrointestinal surgery. Routine vitamin D supplementation was not advised in pregnant women, people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, or to prevent cardiovascular events. However, five subgroups could benefit from supplementation:
- Cancer patients with good-prognosis cancers.
- Older adults with mild to moderate sarcopenia.
- Pregnant women at risk for preeclampsia.
- People with high cardiovascular risk.
- People over 70 years of age to prevent fractures, especially in long-term care institutions.
Conclusions: An individualized approach to vitamin D supplementation is advised, focusing on specific groups with deficiency. Widespread use is discouraged. More research is needed in Colombia to evaluate the impact of these recommendations on clinical practice and long-term health outcomes.
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